Who directed 'The Nightmare Before Christmas' (1993)?

Who directed 'The Avengers' (2012)? Who directed 'Guardians of the Galaxy' (2014)? Who directed 'Thor: Ragnarok' (2017)? Who directed 'Edward Scissorhands' (1990)? Who directed 'The Incredibles' (2004)? Who directed 'Up' (2009)? Who directed 'Finding Nemo' (2003)? Who wrote the novel on which 'Jaws' was based?