What is associated with: around 1250 this countrys king alfonso iii reclaimed the algarve from the moors after 500 years of control?

What is associated with: around 1200 this city became capital of a muslim empire in india its new version is indias cap… Based on the clue 'around 122 ad this emperor ordered a wall built to...', what is the answer? What is associated with: around 1240 this mongols grandson batu founded the golden horde? What is associated with: around 1250 bc with moses dead the israelites led by this man conquered the land of canaan? What is associated with: around 1260 this country acquired greenland iceland under haakon iv haakon iiis illegitimate s… What is associated with: around 1268 roger bacon observed that these new optical devices could be used to improve eyesi… What is associated with: around 1271 the city of herat afghanistan was visited by this famous venetian? Based on the clue 'around 132 ad chinese scientist chang heng invente...', what is the answer?